androidstudio-app-pentest-environment

Android Studio App Pentest Environment Setup

Skill by ara.so — Security Skills collection.

Complete penetration testing environment for Android applications using Android Studio emulators with Magisk root, Frida instrumentation, SSL/TLS bypass, and security testing tools.

What This Project Provides

A comprehensive guide and toolchain for setting up a mobile application security testing environment including:

• Rooted Android Emulator: Using Magisk (面具) for root access
• Frida Framework: Dynamic instrumentation for runtime analysis
• SSL/TLS Bypass: Certificate pinning bypass modules
• Traffic Interception: Proxy configuration for HTTPS inspection
• Anti-Detection: Modules to hide root, Magisk, and emulator detection

Prerequisites

• Android Studio: Latest version from developer.android.com
• SDK Platform-Tools: ADB and fastboot (installed with Android Studio)
• Proxy Tool: Burp Suite, Charles, or mitmproxy
• Git: For cloning tooling repositories

Environment Setup

1. Install Android Studio and SDK

# Download Android Studio from official site
# https://developer.android.google.cn/studio

# After installation, verify SDK location (macOS)
ls ~/Library/Android/sdk

# Configure environment variables (bash)
echo 'export ANDROID_HOME=~/Library/Android/sdk' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/emulator' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

# For zsh users
echo 'export ANDROID_HOME=~/Library/Android/sdk' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc

# Verify ADB installation
adb version

2. Create Android Virtual Device (AVD)

# Create AVD via Android Studio GUI:
# More Actions → Virtual Device Manager → Create Device

# Recommended configuration:
# Device: Pixel 9 Pro
# System Image: API 36 (Android 16), Google APIs, arm64-v8a
# RAM: 4096 MB
# Internal Storage: 16 GB
# VM Heap: 512 MB
# Boot option: Cold Boot

# List available AVDs
emulator -list-avds

# Launch emulator from command line
emulator -avd Pixel_9_Pro_API_36 -writable-system

3. Root with Magisk (Method A: rootAVD - Recommended)

# Clone rootAVD (migrated to GitLab)
git clone https://gitlab.com/newbit/rootAVD.git
cd rootAVD

# Download latest Magisk APK
# https://github.com/topjohnwu/Magisk/releases
# Rename Magisk-v28.1.apk to Magisk.zip and place in rootAVD directory

# List available AVD images
./rootAVD.sh ListAllAVDs

# Root the specific system image
./rootAVD.sh system-images/android-36.1/google_apis/arm64-v8a/ramdisk.img

# Restart emulator (cold boot)
# Verify Magisk installation in app drawer

4. Root with Magisk (Method B: Manual Patch)

# Start emulator with writable system
emulator -avd Pixel_9_Pro_API_36 -writable-system

# Get root access via ADB
adb root
adb remount

# Install Magisk APK
adb install Magisk-v28.1.apk

# Push ramdisk to device
adb push $ANDROID_HOME/system-images/android-36.1/google_apis/arm64-v8a/ramdisk.img /sdcard/Download/

# In Magisk app:
# Install → Select and Patch a File → Choose ramdisk.img
# Download patched file from /sdcard/Download/magisk_patched_*.img

# Pull patched image
adb pull /sdcard/Download/magisk_patched_xxxxx.img

# Replace original ramdisk
cp magisk_patched_xxxxx.img $ANDROID_HOME/system-images/android-36.1/google_apis/arm64-v8a/ramdisk.img

# Restart emulator

Magisk Configuration

# Enable Zygisk (required for many modules)
# Magisk app → Settings → Enable Zygisk → Reboot

# Hide Magisk app (randomize package name)
# Magisk app → Settings → Hide the Magisk App → Enter custom name

# Configure DenyList (hide root from apps)
# Magisk app → Settings → Configure DenyList
# Add target apps (banking apps, games, etc.)

Install ZygiskNext (Improved Zygisk)

# Download ZygiskNext
# https://github.com/Dr-TSNG/ZygiskNext/releases

# Install via Magisk
# Magisk → Modules → Install from storage → Select ZygiskNext-*.zip
# Reboot

# Disable built-in Zygisk after installing ZygiskNext
# Magisk → Settings → Disable Zygisk → Reboot

Install Shamiko (Hide Magisk from Detection)

# Download Shamiko
# https://github.com/LSPosed/LSPosed.github.io/releases

# Install via Magisk
# Magisk → Modules → Install from storage → Select Shamiko-*.zip
# Reboot

# Enable Shamiko whitelist mode
adb shell su -c 'touch /data/adb/shamiko/whitelist'

# Verify Shamiko status
adb shell su -c 'ls -la /data/adb/shamiko/'

Install LSPosed Framework

# Download LSPosed Zygisk version
# https://github.com/LSPosed/LSPosed/releases

# Install via Magisk
# Magisk → Modules → Install from storage → Select LSPosed-*.zip
# Reboot

# Access LSPosed manager
# Notification → LSPosed → Enable modules

Install Frida

# Download Frida server for Android
# https://github.com/frida/frida/releases
# Select frida-server-*-android-arm64.xz

# Extract and push to device
xz -d frida-server-*-android-arm64.xz
adb push frida-server-*-android-arm64 /data/local/tmp/frida-server
adb shell "chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/frida-server"

# Run Frida server
adb shell "su -c /data/local/tmp/frida-server &"

# Install Frida tools on host
pip install frida-tools

# Verify Frida connection
frida-ps -U

SSL/TLS Certificate Pinning Bypass

Method 1: HTTP Toolkit Module

# Download HTTP Toolkit certificate injection module
# https://github.com/httptoolkit/frida-android-unpinning

# Install as Magisk module
# Magisk → Modules → Install from storage → Select module zip

# Configure proxy in emulator
# Settings → Network & Internet → Internet → Wi-Fi → Modify
# Proxy: Manual
# Hostname: <host_machine_ip>
# Port: 8080 (Burp/Charles default)

Method 2: Frida Script (Universal SSL Pinning Bypass)

// ssl-bypass.js
Java.perform(function() {
    console.log("[*] Universal SSL Pinning Bypass loaded");
    
    // OkHttp3 Certificate Pinner
    try {
        var CertificatePinner = Java.use('okhttp3.CertificatePinner');
        CertificatePinner.check.overload('java.lang.String', 'java.util.List').implementation = function() {
            console.log('[+] OkHttp3 Certificate Pinner bypassed');
            return;
        };
    } catch(err) {
        console.log('[-] OkHttp3 not found');
    }
    
    // TrustManager
    try {
        var X509TrustManager = Java.use('javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager');
        var SSLContext = Java.use('javax.net.ssl.SSLContext');
        
        var TrustManager = Java.registerClass({
            name: 'com.sensepost.test.TrustManager',
            implements: [X509TrustManager],
            methods: {
                checkClientTrusted: function(chain, authType) {},
                checkServerTrusted: function(chain, authType) {},
                getAcceptedIssuers: function() { return []; }
            }
        });
        
        var TrustManagers = [TrustManager.$new()];
        var SSLContext_init = SSLContext.init.overload('[Ljavax.net.ssl.KeyManager;', '[Ljavax.net.ssl.TrustManager;', 'java.security.SecureRandom');
        SSLContext_init.implementation = function(keyManager, trustManager, secureRandom) {
            console.log('[+] SSLContext TrustManager bypassed');
            SSLContext_init.call(this, keyManager, TrustManagers, secureRandom);
        };
    } catch(err) {
        console.log('[-] TrustManager bypass failed: ' + err);
    }
    
    // Conscrypt (Android N+)
    try {
        var ConscryptFileDescriptorSocket = Java.use('com.android.org.conscrypt.ConscryptFileDescriptorSocket');
        ConscryptFileDescriptorSocket.verifyCertificateChain.implementation = function() {
            console.log('[+] Conscrypt certificate verification bypassed');
        };
    } catch(err) {
        console.log('[-] Conscrypt not found');
    }
});

# Run Frida script
frida -U -f com.example.app -l ssl-bypass.js --no-pause

Method 3: JustTrustMe (LSPosed Module)

# Download JustTrustMe
# https://github.com/Fuzion24/JustTrustMe/releases

# Install APK
adb install JustTrustMe.apk

# Enable in LSPosed
# LSPosed → Modules → JustTrustMe → Enable
# Select target app → Reboot app

Install System CA Certificate

# Convert certificate to PEM format
openssl x509 -inform DER -in burp-cert.der -out burp-cert.pem

# Get certificate hash
CERT_HASH=$(openssl x509 -inform PEM -subject_hash_old -in burp-cert.pem | head -1)

# Rename certificate
cp burp-cert.pem ${CERT_HASH}.0

# Push to system
adb root
adb remount
adb push ${CERT_HASH}.0 /system/etc/security/cacerts/
adb shell "chmod 644 /system/etc/security/cacerts/${CERT_HASH}.0"
adb reboot

Common Frida Scripts

List Installed Packages

frida-ps -Uai

Hook Method to Bypass Root Detection

// root-bypass.js
Java.perform(function() {
    var RootDetection = Java.use('com.example.app.RootDetection');
    RootDetection.isRooted.implementation = function() {
        console.log('[+] Root check bypassed');
        return false;
    };
});

frida -U -f com.example.app -l root-bypass.js --no-pause

Dump App Memory

// memory-dump.js
Java.perform(function() {
    var ActivityThread = Java.use('android.app.ActivityThread');
    var app = ActivityThread.currentApplication();
    var context = app.getApplicationContext();
    
    console.log('[*] Package Name: ' + context.getPackageName());
    console.log('[*] Files Dir: ' + context.getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath());
});

Intercept Crypto Operations

// crypto-hook.js
Java.perform(function() {
    var Cipher = Java.use('javax.crypto.Cipher');
    Cipher.doFinal.overload('[B').implementation = function(input) {
        console.log('[*] Cipher.doFinal called');
        console.log('[*] Input: ' + Java.use('java.util.Arrays').toString(input));
        var result = this.doFinal(input);
        console.log('[*] Output: ' + Java.use('java.util.Arrays').toString(result));
        return result;
    };
});

ADB Commands Reference

# Device connection
adb devices
adb connect <ip>:5555

# Root shell
adb root
adb shell

# Package management
adb install app.apk
adb install -r app.apk  # Reinstall
adb uninstall com.example.app
adb shell pm list packages
adb shell pm path com.example.app

# File operations
adb push local/file /sdcard/
adb pull /sdcard/file local/

# Logcat
adb logcat
adb logcat | grep -i "keyword"
adb logcat -c  # Clear logs

# Screen capture
adb shell screencap /sdcard/screen.png
adb pull /sdcard/screen.png

# Activity management
adb shell am start -n com.example.app/.MainActivity
adb shell am force-stop com.example.app

# Network
adb shell settings put global http_proxy <ip>:8080
adb shell settings delete global http_proxy
adb shell settings delete global https_proxy

Troubleshooting

Emulator Won't Start

# Check available system images
sdkmanager --list | grep system-images

# Cold boot emulator
emulator -avd <name> -no-snapshot-load

# Wipe data
emulator -avd <name> -wipe-data

ADB Not Detecting Device

# Restart ADB server
adb kill-server
adb start-server

# Check emulator console port
adb connect localhost:5554

Magisk Not Working After Reboot

# Re-run rootAVD script
cd rootAVD
./rootAVD.sh system-images/android-36.1/google_apis/arm64-v8a/ramdisk.img

# Verify ramdisk wasn't overwritten
ls -lh $ANDROID_HOME/system-images/android-36.1/google_apis/arm64-v8a/ramdisk.img

Frida Server Connection Failed

# Kill existing Frida server
adb shell "su -c killall frida-server"

# Restart with verbose logging
adb shell "su -c '/data/local/tmp/frida-server -l 0.0.0.0:27042' &"

# Forward port
adb forward tcp:27042 tcp:27042

# Test connection
frida-ps -H localhost:27042

SSL Pinning Still Active

# Stack multiple bypass methods
# 1. Install HTTP Toolkit module
# 2. Enable JustTrustMe in LSPosed
# 3. Run Frida universal bypass script
# 4. Install system CA certificate

# Verify certificate installation
adb shell "ls /system/etc/security/cacerts/ | grep -i <hash>"

App Crashes on Launch

# Check if DenyList is configured
# Magisk → Settings → Configure DenyList → Remove app

# Disable Shamiko temporarily
adb shell "su -c rm /data/adb/shamiko/whitelist"
adb reboot

# Check logcat for crashes
adb logcat | grep -i "fatal\|exception"

Best Practices

1. Always create snapshots before making major changes to AVD
2. Use Cold Boot for Magisk to load properly
3. Keep Magisk and modules updated for latest bypass techniques
4. Test bypasses incrementally - enable one at a time
5. Use ZygiskNext + Shamiko for better detection evasion
6. Avoid Google Play system images - use Google APIs instead
7. Clear app data after installing bypass modules
8. Monitor logcat during testing to identify security checks

References

• Magisk: https://github.com/topjohnwu/Magisk
• rootAVD: https://gitlab.com/newbit/rootAVD
• Frida: https://frida.re/docs/android/
• LSPosed: https://github.com/LSPosed/LSPosed
• ZygiskNext: https://github.com/Dr-TSNG/ZygiskNext
• Shamiko: https://github.com/LSPosed/LSPosed.github.io